Most people will experience some problems with their teeth from time to time. This can range from mild pain or discomfort, to severe levels of disease and decay. Here are some of the most common oral health problems, and how they are treated.
Cavities in the teeth
Cavities are one of the most common dental problems, that can occur from early childhood onwards. They form when plaques build up on the surface of the teeth. This is a sticky layer of bacteria that forms when sugary deposits break down into acids, and eats into the tooth enamel.
Once formed, cavities need to be treated with fillings to prevent the damage from spreading further. The risk of developing tooth decay can be significantly reduced by brushing twice daily with a fluoride toothpaste, flossing regularly, and reducing consumption of sugary snacks and drinks.
Cracked or chipped teeth
If you have a cracked or chipped tooth, you may notice that they are very sensitive to hot or cold temperatures, or painful when chewing. Teeth can crack or break by biting into hard foods, teeth grinding (known as bruxism) or through falls or sports injuries.
A dentist may recommend that the affected teeth are bonded, or fitted with a crown. This strengthens the teeth and prevents further damage, and also improves the appearance of the tooth.
Gum disease
Symptoms of gum disease include bleeding and swollen gums, and irritation or pain, especially when chewing. Mild gum disease is called gingivitis, and may be treated with regular flossing and brushing, and the use of mouthwash. It’s usually caused by a build-up of plaque in the mouth, so a good oral hygiene routine should prevent the problem occurring.
More serious gum disease can lead to receding gums and tooth loss. It should always be treated by a medical professional, as unchecked it can spread to other tissues in the body.
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